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Bosnia-Herzegovina

Emporis Buildings Bihać Banja Luka Brčko Sarajevo Mostar

About

BIH
3,365,727
51,129 km²
(19,741 mi²)
272
Sarajevo (pop. 511,161)

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Biggest cities in Bosnia-Herzegovina

Description

Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian Bosna i Hercegovina), officially the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, country in southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Formerly a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina declared its independence in March 1992. Civil war then broke out among the country’s Muslims, Croats, and Serbs. At the end of the war, in 1995, Serbs controlled 49 percent of the country’s territory, comprising an area known as the Serb Republic (Republika Srpska). The remaining territory, officially known as the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosna i Hercegovina), was controlled by a federation of Muslims and Croats. The Muslim-Croat federation and the Serb Republic together constitute the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In reality, since the war, the country has remained divided three ways—among the Muslims, Croats, and Serbs—despite international attempts to unite it. In the 14th century the principality of Bosnia joined with a duchy to the south that would eventually be called Herzegovina as part of a short-lived medieval kingdom. The modern-day country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to simply as Bosnia, is still divided geographically into a northern region of Bosnia and a southern region of Herzegovina. The republic is bounded on the north and west by Croatia and on the east and south by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), the federation of Serbia and Montenegro, which claims to be the successor state to Yugoslavia. Bosnia also has 20 km (12 miles) of coastline along the Adriatic Sea, wedged between Croatian territories.